← back to the mapthe nerd page →
The trends

Follow the money. Watch the rankings.

The Opportunity Scholarship has grown 9.0x in five years. While that was happening, NC's teacher pay ranking dropped 10 spots and the state landed dead last in per-pupil funding effort. Here's what the trend lines actually look like, side by side.

01

Voucher funding, by year

From $48M in 2019–20 to $432M in 2024–25. That's 9.0x growth in five years. The 2025–26 estimate is NC's own budget allocation.

2019–20
$48M
2020–21
$61M
2021–22
$79M
2022–23
$135M
2023–24
$186M
2024–25
$432M
2025–26
$600M
2025–26 estimate (NC budget allocation, per WUNC)
02

Meanwhile, NC's public schools keep slipping

NC's average teacher pay rank fell from #33 to #43 over the same period voucher spending grew 9.0x. That's ten states' worth of downward movement. And teacher pay is the good number.

Teacher pay, NC national rank · lower line = worse rank
#25#30#35#40#45#50202020212022202320242025#33START#432025 · WORST EVER
#43/ 50
Teacher pay
$58,292 vs $72,030 national
#50/ 51
Per-pupil spending
$5,600 below national avg
#51/ 51
Funding effort
% of state GDP spent on PK-12
Sources: NCAE (April 2025) for teacher-pay rankings, derived from NEA Rankings & Estimates. Funding level and funding-effort ranks from Education Law Center's Making the Grade 2025 (December 2025). 51 states means 50 states + DC.
See alsoWhat could $600M buy instead? andycantwin.com/clock →
03

Religious vs. not

79% of every voucher dollar since 2019–20 has gone to a school with a religious affiliation. The school split is 67% religious. So religious schools are over-represented in where the money actually lands.

By school count
67%
33%
Religious · 491Unverified/secular · 246
By dollars received (2019–20 through 2024–25)
79%
21%
Religious · $717MUnverified/secular · $190M
"Unverified/secular" = not in NCES Private School Survey and no religious signal in the school's name. See the nerd page for how religious affiliation was assigned.
A fair noteNot all voucher schools are the same. 14 schools in this dataset specifically serve students with disabilities and learning differences. They're doing real work. This site isn't about them.
04

Tuition, grouped

The voucher amount is $7,942. 61 schools charge within 10% of that number.

Schools grouped by lowest published tuition · 394 schools
5316710451401922156836656← VOUCHER · $7,942$0k$4k$8k$12k$16k$20k$24k$28k$30k+at or below voucherabove voucher

206 of 394 schools with known tuition charge at or below the Tier-1 voucher. For the 65 schools charging $15,000 or more, the voucher covers less than half of tuition. The rest comes from families. (343 schools haven't published a tuition number.)

05

If you live here, what 'choice' are we talking about?

"School choice" only works if there's a school to choose. 13 of NC's 100 counties have zero voucher-taking schools. Another 9 have exactly one. For 40 counties, the menu has two items or fewer.

How many voucher-taking schools does each NC county have?
0 schools
13 counties
1 school
9 counties
2 schools
18 counties
3–5 schools
23 counties
6+ schools
37 counties
The 9 single-school counties
AveryChowanClayGreeneNorthamptonPolkSwainWarrenYancey
Bottom 10 counties by voucher dollars received
Davie
1 school
$50K
Anson
2 schools
$85K
Pender
1 school
$275K
Duplin
1 school
$349K
Warren
1 school
$366K
Currituck
2 schools
$374K
Polk
1 school
$418K
Clay
1 school
$609K
Greene
1 school
$661K
Granville
2 schools
$815K

Davie County's single voucher-taking school has collected $50,038 in six years. Wake County, by contrast, has pulled in $73.8M... that's 1,475x more. Same state. Same program.

A note on what "zero schools" means: these counts reflect schools that actually accepted Opportunity Scholarship vouchers (2019–20 through 2024–25). A county might have private schools that simply don't participate in the program. Either way, if you live in one of the 13 zero-school counties, the voucher isn't buying you a seat anywhere nearby.

06

Who's actually using the voucher?

In 2024–25, 91.6% of Opportunity Scholarship recipients were already enrolled in private school the year before. The voucher wasn't how they got in.

The program was pitched as a way for public-school families to access private options they couldn't otherwise afford. The most recent pipeline data shows something different. Of roughly 80,000 voucher recipients in 2024–25, only about 8% transferred in from a public school. The rest were already paying private tuition.

Source: NC DPI / NCSEAA pipeline data via EdNC, 2024–25 reporting.
Appendix · reference tables

Where the schools and the dollars concentrate. Useful for lookup, not part of the story above.

07

Top 10 counties by voucher-taking schools

Mecklenburg
75
Wake
74
Guilford
36
Durham
33
Cumberland
31
Forsyth
28
Buncombe
24
Union
20
New Hanover
19
Pitt
18
08

Top 10 counties by voucher dollars received

Wake
$74M
Mecklenburg
$73M
Cumberland
$68M
Guilford
$49M
Durham
$41M
Forsyth
$36M
Buncombe
$31M
Onslow
$28M
Alamance
$25M
New Hanover
$23M
Total across 6 reported years (2019–20 through 2024–25). County is assigned to the school, not the student's home.